php英文文献翻译及参考文献
PHPisascriptinglanguageoriginallydesignedforproducingdynamic
webpages.Ithasevolvedtoincludeacommandlineinterfacecapabilityandcanbeusedinstandalonegraphicalapplications.WhilePHPwasoriginallycreatedbyRasmusLerdorfin1995,themainimplementationofPHPisnowproducedbyThePHPGroupandservesasthedefactostandardforPHPasthereisnoformalspecification.PHPisfreesoftwarereleasedunderthePHPLicense,howeveritisincompatiblewiththeGNUGeneralPublicLicense(GPL),duetorestrictionsontheusageofthetermPHP.PHPisawidely-usedgeneral-purposescriptinglanguagethatisespeciallysuitedforwebdevelopmentandcanbeembeddedinto
HTML.Itgenerallyrunsonawebserver,takingPHPcodeasitsinputandcreatingwebpagesasoutput.Itcanbe
毕业论文http://www.lwfree.cnmillionwebsitesand1millionwebservers.PHPoriginallystoodforPersonalHomePage.Itbeganin1994asasetofCommonGatewayInterfacebinarieswrittenintheCprogramminglanguagebytheDanish/GreenlandicprogrammerRasmusLerdorf.LerdorfinitiallycreatedthesePersonalHomePageToolstoreplaceasmallsetofPerlscriptshehadbeenusingtomaintainhispersonalhomepage.Thetoolswereusedtoperformtaskssuchasdisplayinghisrésuméandrecordinghowmuchtraffichispagewasreceiving.HecombinedthesebinarieswithhisFormInterpretertocreatePHP/FI,whichhadmorefunctionality.PHP/FIincludedalargerimplementationfortheCprogramminglanguageandcouldcommunicatewithdatabases,enablingthebuildingofsimple,dynamicwebapplications.LerdorfreleasedPHPpubliclyonJune8,1995t
oacceleratebuglocationandimprovethecode.ThisreleasewasnamedPHPversion2andalreadyhadthebasicfunctionalitythatPHPhastoday.ThisincludedPerl-likevariables,formhandling,andtheabilitytoembedHTML.ThesyntaxwassimilartoPerlbutwasmorelimited,simpler,andlessconsistent.ZeevSuraskiandAndiGutmans,twoIsraelidevelopersattheTechnionIIT,rewrotetheparserin1997andformedthebaseofPHP3,changingthelanguage'snametotherecursiveinitialismPHP:HypertextPreprocessor.ThedevelopmentteamofficiallyreleasedPHP/FI2inNovember1997aftermonthsofbetatesting.Afterwards,publictestingofPHP3began,andtheofficiallaunchcameinJune1998.SuraskiandGutmansthenstartedanewrewriteofPHP'score,producingtheZendEnginein1999.TheyalsofoundedZendTechnologiesinRamatGan,Israel.OnMay22,2000,PHP4,poweredbytheZendEngine1.0,wasreleased.OnJuly13,2004,PHP5wasreleased,poweredbythenewZendEngineII.PHP5includednewfeaturessuchasimprovedsupportforobject-orientedprogramming,thePHPDataObjectsextension(whichdefinesalightweightandconsistentinterfacefor
accessingdatabases),andnumerousperformanceenhancements.ThemostrecentupdatereleasedbyThePHPGroupisfortheolderPHPversion4codebranch.AsofAugust,2008thisbranchisuptoversion4.4.9.PHP4isnolongerunderdevelopmentnorwillanysecurityupdatesbereleased.In2008,PHP5becametheonlystableversionunderdevelopment.Latestaticbindinghasbeen
missingfromPHPandwillbeaddedinversion5.3.PHP6isunderdevelopmentalongsidePHP5.Majorchangesincludetheremovalofregister_globals,magicquotes,andsafemode.Thereasonfortheremovalswasbecauseregister_globalshadgivenwaytosecurityholes,andmagicquoteshadanunpredictablenature,andwasbestavoided.Instead,toescapecharacters,magicquotesmaybesubstitutedwiththeaddslashes()function,ormoreappropriatelyanescapemechanismspecifictothedatabasevendoritselflike
mysql_real_escape_string()forMySQL.PHPdoesnothavecompletenativesupportforUnicodeormultibytestrings;UnicodesupportwillbeincludedinPHP6.ManyhighprofileopensourceprojectsceasedtosupportPHP4innewcodeasof