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Abstract Jane Eyre is written by famous talented English critical realist woman novelist Charlotte Bronte in 1846. Although having more than 152 years by now it is popular with lots of people because of the heroine —Jane. Eyre. As an English idiom goes “Beauty is but skin-deep”. A person’s great virtue a noble soul a beautiful heart can be called as an everlasting beauty. The thesis focuses on the analysis of Jane Eyre’s beauty on the assumption that more people may act like “Jane” and possess inner beauty. First it introduces the author Charlotte Bronte and Jane Eyre’ path of life as well as its historical background of this work. Second it mainly analyses the characters in Jane Eyre through her life experience in terms of psychology language mentality behavior and so on to reflect the theme. Third it is about Jane’s love. It express Jane’ longing and pursuit for the most beautiful characteristic of human beings which enlighten us greatly. Finally it has a discussion about Jane’s personalities and concludes that Jane is a beautiful feminist. Key Words Female independent dignity freedom equal beautiful 摘 要 《简爱》是英国著名女作家夏洛蒂—勃朗特的代表作写于1846年。
虽然迄今150多年但是这部作品仍然深受广大读者的喜爱这都是因为这部作品的女主人翁简.爱。
外在的美是短暂的内在的美才是永恒的。
本
论文主要分析简.爱的美希望有更多的人像‘简.爱’那样拥有内在的美。
首先介绍作者简爱的生活经历以及小说写作的历史背景。
其次从简.爱的生活经历中通过心理语言思想行为等方面分析简爱的内在性格以及简爱的爱情在人间最美的这件东西上给予了我们很多的启示。
最后一部份从对前面的这些分析和讨论简一位美丽的女性。
关键词 女性 独立 自尊 自由 平等 美丽 Introduction Jane. Eyre is written by famous talented English woman novelist Charlotte Bronte in 1846. It is Charlotte Bronte’s second novel and is one of her masterpieces. In this work Charlotte Bronte pictures an amazing female heroine Jane.Eyre in British Literature. Although having more than 152 years by now this work is popular with lots of people because of its heroin Jane Eyre. In the early years of the 19th century Victorian Age it is a male-dominated and “money above all” society and women are regarded as second-class unexpectedly emerging a girl who disdains money and power and has a great courage to combat traditional injustice and oppression. Everyone has his or her own standard for what is beauty. Generally there are two kinds of beauty physical beauty and inner beauty. In Jane‘s period people usually measure a person on the basis of social status wealth and physical beauty. On the contrary Jane is an orphan penniless and plain. She possesses neither wealth nor physical beauty which are considered symbols of a women’s social position in her times. However our heroin has unique character that makes her beauty everlasting. Little Jane is an orphan brought up by her despotic and prejudiced aunt. In her aunt’s Gates heed Jane is treated cruelly. Being rebellious she is packed off to a charity school. The school’ condition is very poor and its administration is harsh and severe. Jane sets herself to learn and qualifies herself as a teacher. Then Jane is ambitious to advertise for a post and leaves the charity school to be a governess. In Jane’s path of life she dares to challenge traditional opinions and oppression. Jane’s witted mind and independent character win other’s respect for her. Her indomitable spirit changes her fate. No matter how difficult and strenuous she never gives up straggling for freedom and equality. Jane is a marvelous person a beautiful feminist. Ⅰ. Overview of Jane .Eyre Jane Eyre is the masterpiece of Charlotte Bronte who is a famous talented English critical realist woman novelist in the 19th century. It ranks as one of the greatest and most perennially popular works of English fiction although having more than 152 years by now. It is popular with lots of people because of its heroine— Jane. Eyre. A. Introduction to Charlotte Bronte Charlotte Bronte was born at Thornton in Yorkshire England the third of six children. Her father Patrick Bronte an Irish Anglican clergyman her mother Maria Barnwell Bronte died of cancer on September 15th 1821. In August 1824 charlotte Bronte were sent with three of her sisters to the Clergy Daughters’ School at Cowan Bridge. Its poor conditions permanently affects her health and physical development and hastens the deaths of her two elder sisters about 11 and 10 years old. Soon after she moved from the school and lived with her surviving brother and sisters Emily and Anne. They began to write stories articles and poems together. In order to get normal education Charlotte continued her education at Roe Heed School in Mir field from 1831 to 1842 where she met her lifelong friends and correspondents. Between 1835 and 1838 she returned as a teacher. In 1839 she took up the first of many positions as governess to a family in Yorkshire a career she pursued until 1841 After her aunt died of internal obstruction in October 1842 Charlotte returned alone to Brussels in 1843. In May 1846 Charlotte Emily and Anne published a joint collection of poetry under assumed names of Currer Ellis and Action Bell although only two copies were sold they decided to continue writing for publication and began working on their first novels. It is very unfortunate in 1848 her brother died of Chronic Bronchitis. Emily and Anne both died of pulmonary tuberculosis in 1848 and 1849 respectively. She and her father left alone. Under the very hardship condition Charlotte continuously worked hard in the journey of creating literature and published Shirley and Villette and began to create long novel Emma in 1853. On June 1854 Charlotte married Arthur Bell Nicholls her father’s curate. She died nine months later during her first pregnancy. B. Historical Background The early years of the Victorian Age was a time of rapid economic development. England developed into a rich advanced industrial country however there were many social problems for instance the sharpest contrast between the rich and the poor and rigid social hierarchy. In this period women were still regarded as second-class hierarchy. However some outstanding women appeared such as famous women writers Bronte sisters. They were great English realists of the time. They created pictures of bourgeois civilization showing the misery and suffering of the common people. Although capitalist has appeared old convention and prejudice remained dominant. Women were still regarded as the second-class hierarchy. At this time women were employed as cheap labor and were forced to do very hard jobs and they did not get the vote until 1918. So in the late period of Victorian Age a feminist movement started fighting for women’s equality and freedom and for their educational and employment opportunities. Petitions to parliament advocating women’s suffrage were introduced as early as in the 1840. C. Jane Eyre’s Path of Life Jane Eyre’s life is full of tears misery and starvation but she constantly strives to become stronger and has the courage to fight continuously for freedom and equality. She becomes strong-minded and persistent in struggling against her fate. 1. Life in Gatesheed and Lowood Institution Jane Eyre is an orphan so brought up by her uncle. When she is ten years old her uncle died too. Little Jane is left to live with her aunt Mrs. Reed who is despotic prejudiced harsh and unsympathetic. Mrs. Reed lets her daughters and son cluster round her perfectly happy and keeps little Jane at a distance. Mrs. Reed declares that Jane is not important than a servant in her family. Other peoples do not give any sympathy to Jane because she is not pretty and her parents leave her nothing. Some of the servants prejudice to her. Furthermore Jane is often beaten and insulted by her cousin John. As Jane says that every nerve she has fears him and every morsel of flesh in her bones shrinks when John come near. One day John strikes Jane cruelly and hard. When John lifts the book to hit her she really cannot bear bad-treatment any more and change her tolerance to rebellious feelings. She points to John claims that he is wicked and cruel boy and is like the evil rulers of ancient Rome. Then Mrs. Reed imprisons Jane in the red-room in which Jane’s uncle Reed died. While locked in it Jane believes that she sees her uncle’s ghost then Jane creams and faints the fear that children of this age can truly feel. When Jane awakes to find her in the care of Bessie who is a servant in Gates heed and she is the only one who gives Jane lots of kindness. In addition the kind doctor who suggests Mrs. Reed to send Jane to school then Jane goes to Lowood a charity school the school condition is very harsh and the girls could not even keep the simplest living standard. The school headmaster is very severe and hard-heated person who prevents the girls from having normal mental growth. At here Jane befriends a young girl named Helen Burns. The students in this school often suffer starvation and frost. The bad condition and imperious rules make all the pupils lose their clever children nature and make most of them tend to catch diseases easily. A massive typhus epidemic sweeps Lowood and Helen dies of consumption. Jane survives for her tenacious will power. She spends eight more years at Lowood. During the eight years Jane becomes a teacher after six years’ hard work. 2. Tutor in Thornfield Hall After years of misery in the Lowood School Jane advertises for a position of governess finally she is employed to teach an eight years old French girl named Adele whose custodian is Mr.Rochester master of Thornfield Hall. Jane gets along with Adele very well. As for Rochester he is a very proud sardonic harsh and moody master of Thorfield Hall but he is kind-hearted to Jane. At here Jane also meets a kindhearted Miss Temple who has no power in the word but possesses great spiritual strength and charm not only she shelters Jane from pain she also encourages her intellectual development. One night Jane saves Rochester from a fire. As for the fire Rochester claims that a drunken servant named Grace Pool starts it. Nevertheless because Grace Poole continues to work at Thornfield Jane concludes that she has not been told the entire story. Rochester continues to admire Jane and look after her tenderly. Moreover Rochester gives her a true sense of belonging. At the same times Jane finds herself fall in love with him deeply. However unfortunately on the morning of her wedding day Jane knows the fact that Rochester has married Bertha Mason in Jamaica some fifteen years earlier and now Bertha is still alive and living at Thornfield. No matter how sorrowful Jane is she leaves Thornfield finally. 3. Life in Moor House and the Manor house of Ferndean Jane uses up all her small stored money for the coach so she has to suffer starvation. Because of having no money and hungriness Jane is forced to sleep outdoors. She actually begs for food. She is almost dead on the Moors. Luckily St. John Rivers and his sisters save her with great efforts. It happens that Jane is dieing but the servant refuses to give her aid no matter how Jane pursues sincerely. At this moment St. John Rivers comes back and saves her kindly. At here John’s two sisters Mary and Diana they take her under the shelter of their roof giving her kind aid. Jane enjoys the time the pleasure arising from the perfect agreement in taste feeling and ideas with them. Indoors they agree equally well. Jane is eager to accept any means of employment that can support her. With St. John River’s help she gets a job as a teacher in charity school in Morton. Jane carries on the work of the village school as actively and faithfully as she can. She gains social respect from her teaching. The student’s parents are grateful to her. One day a lawyer declares that Jane’s Uncle John Eyre has died and left her large fortune which surprise Jane greatly. Simultaneity Jane knows that John and his sister are her cousins. Jane immediately decides to share her inheritance equally with her three newly found relatives. After a period St. John finds that Jane is helpful for his missionary if he takes Jane as his wife so he tries to persuade Jane to marry him and travel to India as a missionary. However Jane realizes that she can never abandon the man she truly loves. One night when it seems that Jane hears Rochester’s voice calling her name over the moors she immediately hurries back to Thorn field and finds it has been burned to the ground by Bertha Mason who lost her life in the fire. Rochester saved the servants and his mad wife but lost his eyesight and one of his hands. Jane goes to a new residence Fern dean where Rochester lives with two servants named John and Mary. At here Rochester and Jane rebuild their relationship and soon get married. Jane and Rochester enjoy perfect equality in their life together. After two years Rochester regains sight in one eye and soon Jane gives birth to their first baby. They feel very happy because they are together after a long-suffering. Ⅱ. Analysis of Main Characters of Jane Eyre After reviewing a long journey of Jane’s spirit from the readers point of view what she gives us is not a pretty face or a transcendent temperament that make us admire deeply but a huge charm of her personality She is a marvelous figure and it is safe to say that Jane Eyre gives readers treasure spirit. A. Self-respect and Pursuit of Freedom and Independence From Jane’s journey of life we have learned that she was exposed to a hostile environment but continuously and fearlessly struggles for her ideal life. The story can be interpreted as a symbol of the independent spirit. When Jane lives in Gatesheed for ten years little Jane suffers with hard work mistreatment and unchanging hatred so Jane has no one to rely on. Her hobby is reading. She always observes circumambient thing with her witted mind when in Lowood School although condition is so harsh that oppresses human nature and Jane often bears starvation and frost with other orphans but she says that she would not exchange stay in Lowood with Ggateshead’s privations and daily luxuries. Jane learns variety of subjects to enrich her brain. After six years Jane becomes one of teachers at here. Under the tyrannical controlled ruler Jane feels that she would relish a new challenge so she advertises for a work as tutor. At Thornfield Hall Jane shows her independence fully. First she works as a governess to support herself. She gets along with Adele very well she teaches what she knows to this little girl. In spite of Jane is plain and penniless Rochester falls in love with her and Jane feels as if he were her relative rather than her master although rich Rochester would be glad to help Jane Jane refuses to his helps her troubled comment on Mr. Rochester’ proposal that Gentleman in his situation is not accustomed to marry their governess. Rochester is a man with warm heart despite a cold expression Rochester emphasizes that Jane will be his bride so Jane does not have to work because Rochester is very rich. At the same times Jane still worked as Adele’s governess and tries to get the information that a lawyer tells her that her uncle gives a quit amounts of inheritance which is helpful for her marriage that she does not want to depend on Rochester’s wealth. After Jane accepted Mr. Rochester’ love Rochester would like to marry Jane as a noble woman and buy jewels and expensive clothes for her which remind Jane greatly of her poverty. Jane forbids Rochester’s desire to buy them because she loves him without regard others. Furthermore she would like to be his friend and companion rather than someone in his possession. Jane remains economical independence by maintaining her job as the governess. She refuses to have sexual relationship with him because she does not want to lose her independence for her passion. Jane seldom spends some time with him except the moment after the dinner hours. Just as they are holding the wedding in the church Mr. Mason come in.