optimizations and early binding among other benefits. Once the code has beencompiled the common language runtime further compiles ASP.NET code to nativecode providing improved performance. ASP.NET includes a compiler that will compile all your application componentsincluding pages and controls into an assembly that the ASP.NET hosting environmentcan then use to service user requests. In addition to the security features of .NET ASP.NET provides an advancedsecurity infrastructure for authenticating and authorizing user access as well asperforming other security-related tasks. You can authenticate users using Windowsauthentication supplied by IIS or you can manage authentication using your own userdatabase using ASP.NET forms authentication and ASP.NET membership.Additionally you can manage the authorization to the capabilities and information ofyour Web application using Windows groups or your own custom role database usingASP.NET roles. You can easily remove add to or replace these schemes dependingupon the needs of your application. ASP.NET always runs with a particular Windows identity so you can secureyour application using Windows capabilities such as NTFS Access Control ListsACLs database permissions and so on. For more information on the identity ofASP.NET ASP.NET provides intrinsic state management functionality that enables you tostore information between page requests such as customer information or the contentsof a shopping cart. You can save and manage application-specific session-specificpage-specific user-specific and developer-defined information. This information canbe independent of any controls on the page. ASP.NET offers distributed state facilities which enable you to manage stateinformation across multiple instances of the same application on one computer or onseveral computers. ASP.NET applications use a configuration system that enables you to defineconfiguration settings for your Web server for a Web site or for individualapplications. You can make configuration settings at the time your ASP.NETapplications are deployed and can add or revise configuration settings at any timewith minimal impact on operational Web applications and servers. ASP.NETconfiguration settings are stored in XML-based files. Because these XML files areASCII text files it is simple to make configuration changes to your Web applications.You can extend the configuration scheme to suit your requirements. ASP.NET includes features that enable you to monitor health and performance ofyour ASP.NET application. ASP.NET health monitoring enables reporting of keyevents that provide information about the health of an application and about errorconditions. These events show a combination of diagnostics and monitoringcharacteristics and offer a high degree of flexibility in terms of what is logged andhow it is logged.ASP.NET supports two groups of performance counters accessible to yourapplications: The ASP.NET system performance counter group The ASP.NET application performance counter group ASP.NET takes advantage of the run-time debugging infrastructure to providecross-language and cross-computer debugging support. You can debug both managedand unmanaged objects as well as all languages supported by the common languageruntime and script languages. In addition the ASP.NET page framework provides a trace mode that enablesyou to insert instrumentation messages into your ASP.NET Web pages. ASP.NET supports XML Web services. An XML Web service is a componentcontaining business functionality that enables applications to exchange informationacross firewalls using standards like HTTP and XML messaging. XML Web servicesare not tied to a particular component technology or object-calling convention. As aresult programs written in any language using any component model and running onany operating system can access XML Web services. ASP.NET includes an extensible hosting environment that controls the life cycleof an application from when a user first accesses a resource such as a page in theapplication to the point at which the application is shut down. While ASP.
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